Step 1: The Act guarantees wage employment to rural households whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. Step 2: It was passed by Parliament in September 2005 as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). Step 3: It came into force on 2 February 2006, first in 200 districts, and was later extended to all rural districts. Step 4: In 2009 (2 October), the scheme was renamed Mahatma Gandhi NREGA. So 2009 is the year of renaming, not enactment. Answer: 2005.